Japanese reference
婚約する
こんやくする
to get engaged
Irregular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | こんやくする (kon'yakusuru)get engaged |
| Polite, masu | こんやくします (kon'yakushimasu)get engaged |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | こんやくしない (kon'yakushinai)do not get engaged |
| Polite negative | こんやくしません (kon'yakushimasen)do not get engaged |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | こんやくした (kon'yakushita)got engaged |
| Polite past | こんやくしました (kon'yakushimashita)got engaged |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | こんやくしなかった (kon'yakushinakatta)did not get engaged |
| Polite past negative | こんやくしませんでした (kon'yakushimasendeshita)did not get engaged |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | こんやくして (kon'yakushite)getting engaged (and then) |
| Polite te-form | こんやくしまして (kon'yakushimashite)getting engaged (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | こんやくしている (kon'yakushiteiru)be engaged |
| Polite te-iru | こんやくしています (kon'yakushiteimasu)be engaged |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | こんやくすれば (kon'yakusureba)if you get engaged |
| Rare literary polite conditional | こんやくしますれば (kon'yakushimasureba)if you get engaged (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | こんやくしたら (kon'yakushitara)if you get engaged |
| Polite conditional, tara | こんやくしましたら (kon'yakushimashitara)if you get engaged |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | こんやくできる (kon'yakudekiru)can get engaged |
| Polite potential | こんやくできます (kon'yakudekimasu)can get engaged |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | こんやくしよう (kon'yakushiyou)let's get engaged! |
| Polite volitional | こんやくしましょう (kon'yakushimashou)let's get engaged! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | こんやくしたい (kon'yakushitai)want to get engaged |
| Polite desire, tai | こんやくしたいです (kon'yakushitaidesu)want to get engaged |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | こんやくされる (kon'yakusareru)be affected when someone gets engaged |
| Polite passive | こんやくされます (kon'yakusaremasu)be affected when someone gets engaged |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | こんやくさせる (kon'yakusaseru)make or let someone get engaged |
| Polite causative | こんやくさせます (kon'yakusasemasu)make or let someone get engaged |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | こんやくさせられる (kon'yakusaserareru)be made to get engaged |
| Polite causative-passive | こんやくさせられます (kon'yakusaseraremasu)be made to get engaged |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | こんやくするな (kon'yakusuruna)do not get engaged! |
| Polite negative request | こんやくしないでください (kon'yakushinaidekudasai)please do not get engaged |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | こんやくします (kon'yakushimasu)get engaged |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | こんやくしません (kon'yakushimasen)do not get engaged |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | こんやくしました (kon'yakushimashita)got engaged |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | こんやくしませんでした (kon'yakushimasendeshita)did not get engaged |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | こんやくしてください (kon'yakushitekudasai)please get engaged |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | こんやくしないでください (kon'yakushinaidekudasai)please do not get engaged |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | こんやくしましょう (kon'yakushimashou)let's get engaged! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | こんやくしてもいい (kon'yakushitemoii)may get engaged |
| Polite permission | こんやくしてもいいです (kon'yakushitemoiidesu)may get engaged |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | こんやくしてはいけない (kon'yakushitehaikenai)must not get engaged |
| Polite prohibition | こんやくしてはいけません (kon'yakushitehaikemasen)must not get engaged |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | こんやくしなさい (kon'yakushinasai)get engaged (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | こんやくしてみる (kon'yakushitemiru)try to get engaged |
| Polite try doing | こんやくしてみます (kon'yakushitemimasu)try to get engaged |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | こんやくしてしまう (kon'yakushiteshimau)get engaged completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | こんやくしてしまいます (kon'yakushiteshimaimasu)get engaged completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | こんやくしておく (kon'yakushiteoku)get engaged in advance |
| Polite preparation | こんやくしておきます (kon'yakushiteokimasu)get engaged in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | こんやくしたことがある (kon'yakushitakotogaaru)have the experience of: got engaged |
| Polite past experience | こんやくしたことがあります (kon'yakushitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: got engaged |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | こんやくすると (kon'yakusuruto)whenever you get engaged |
| Polite automatic result | こんやくしますと (kon'yakushimasuto)whenever you get engaged |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | こんやくするなら (kon'yakusurunara)if you mean to get engaged |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | こんやくするだろう (kon'yakusurudarou)probably get engaged |
| Polite probability | こんやくするでしょう (kon'yakusurudeshou)probably get engaged |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | こんやくしろ (kon'yakushiro)get engaged! |
| Polite request | こんやくしてください (kon'yakushitekudasai)please get engaged |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.