Japanese reference
帰る
かえる
to go home; return home
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | かえる (kaeru)go home; return (plain) |
| Polite, masu | かえります (kaerimasu)go home; return (polite) |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | かえらない (kaeranai)do not go home or return (plain) |
| Polite negative | かえりません (kaerimasen)do not go home or return (polite) |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | かえった (kaetta)went home; returned (plain) |
| Polite past | かえりました (kaerimashita)went home; returned (polite) |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | かえらなかった (kaeranakatta)did not go home or return (plain) |
| Polite past negative | かえりませんでした (kaerimasendeshita)did not go home or return (polite) |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | かえって (kaette)go home or return and ... |
| Polite te-form | かえりまして (kaerimashite)going home (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | かえっている (kaetteiru)have gone home; be on the way home |
| Polite te-iru | かえっています (kaetteimasu)have gone home |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | かえれば (kaereba)if (you) go home or return |
| Rare literary polite conditional | かえりますれば (kaerimasureba)if you go home (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | かえったら (kaettara)if (you) go home; after returning |
| Polite conditional, tara | かえりましたら (kaerimashitara)if you go home |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | かえれる (kaereru)can go home or return |
| Polite potential | かえれます (kaeremasu)can go home |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | かえろう (kaerou)let's go home; let's return |
| Polite volitional | かえりましょう (kaerimashou)let's go home! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | かえりたい (kaeritai)want to go home |
| Polite desire, tai | かえりたいです (kaeritaidesu)want to go home |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | かえられる (kaerareru)be affected by someone going home |
| Polite passive | かえられます (kaeraremasu)be affected when someone goes home |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | かえらせる (kaeraseru)make or let someone go home |
| Polite causative | かえらせます (kaerasemasu)make or let someone go home |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | かえらせられる (kaeraserareru)be made to go home |
| Polite causative-passive | かえらせられます (kaeraseraremasu)be made to go home |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | かえるな (kaeruna)do not go home! |
| Polite negative request | かえらないでください (kaeranaidekudasai)please do not go home |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | かえります (kaerimasu)go home |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | かえりません (kaerimasen)do not go home |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | かえりました (kaerimashita)went home |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | かえりませんでした (kaerimasendeshita)did not go home |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | かえってください (kaettekudasai)please go home |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | かえらないでください (kaeranaidekudasai)please do not go home |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | かえりましょう (kaerimashou)let's go home! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | かえってもいい (kaettemoii)may go home |
| Polite permission | かえってもいいです (kaettemoiidesu)may go home |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | かえってはいけない (kaettehaikenai)must not go home |
| Polite prohibition | かえってはいけません (kaettehaikemasen)must not go home |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | かえりなさい (kaerinasai)go home (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | かえってみる (kaettemiru)try to go home |
| Polite try doing | かえってみます (kaettemimasu)try to go home |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | かえってしまう (kaetteshimau)go home completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | かえってしまいます (kaetteshimaimasu)go home completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | かえっておく (kaetteoku)go home in advance |
| Polite preparation | かえっておきます (kaetteokimasu)go home in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | かえったことがある (kaettakotogaaru)have the experience of: went home |
| Polite past experience | かえったことがあります (kaettakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: went home |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | かえると (kaeruto)whenever you go home |
| Polite automatic result | かえりますと (kaerimasuto)whenever you go home |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | かえるなら (kaerunara)if you mean to go home |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | かえるだろう (kaerudarou)probably go home |
| Polite probability | かえるでしょう (kaerudeshou)probably go home |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | かえれ (kaere)go home!; go back! (command) |
| Polite request | かえってください (kaettekudasai)please go home |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.