Japanese reference
替える
かえる
to replace
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | かえる (kaeru)replace something |
| Polite, masu | かえます (kaemasu)replace something |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | かえない (kaenai)do not replace something |
| Polite negative | かえません (kaemasen)do not replace something |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | かえた (kaeta)replaced something |
| Polite past | かえました (kaemashita)replaced something |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | かえなかった (kaenakatta)did not replace something |
| Polite past negative | かえませんでした (kaemasendeshita)did not replace something |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | かえて (kaete)replacing something (and then) |
| Polite te-form | かえまして (kaemashite)replacing something (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | かえている (kaeteiru)be replacing something |
| Polite te-iru | かえています (kaeteimasu)be replacing something |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | かえれば (kaereba)if you replace something |
| Rare literary polite conditional | かえますれば (kaemasureba)if you replace something (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | かえたら (kaetara)if you replace something |
| Polite conditional, tara | かえましたら (kaemashitara)if you replace something |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | かえられる (kaerareru)can replace something |
| Polite potential | かえられます (kaeraremasu)can replace something |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | かえよう (kaeyou)let's replace something! |
| Polite volitional | かえましょう (kaemashou)let's replace something! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | かえたい (kaetai)want to replace something |
| Polite desire, tai | かえたいです (kaetaidesu)want to replace something |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | かえられる (kaerareru)be replaced |
| Polite passive | かえられます (kaeraremasu)be replaced |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | かえさせる (kaesaseru)make or let someone replace something |
| Polite causative | かえさせます (kaesasemasu)make or let someone replace something |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | かえさせられる (kaesaserareru)be made to replace something |
| Polite causative-passive | かえさせられます (kaesaseraremasu)be made to replace something |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | かえるな (kaeruna)do not replace something! |
| Polite negative request | かえないでください (kaenaidekudasai)please do not replace something |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | かえます (kaemasu)replace something |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | かえません (kaemasen)do not replace something |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | かえました (kaemashita)replaced something |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | かえませんでした (kaemasendeshita)did not replace something |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | かえてください (kaetekudasai)please replace something |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | かえないでください (kaenaidekudasai)please do not replace something |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | かえましょう (kaemashou)let's replace something! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | かえてもいい (kaetemoii)may replace something |
| Polite permission | かえてもいいです (kaetemoiidesu)may replace something |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | かえてはいけない (kaetehaikenai)must not replace something |
| Polite prohibition | かえてはいけません (kaetehaikemasen)must not replace something |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | かえなさい (kaenasai)replace something (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | かえてみる (kaetemiru)try to replace something |
| Polite try doing | かえてみます (kaetemimasu)try to replace something |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | かえてしまう (kaeteshimau)replace something completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | かえてしまいます (kaeteshimaimasu)replace something completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | かえておく (kaeteoku)replace something in advance |
| Polite preparation | かえておきます (kaeteokimasu)replace something in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | かえたことがある (kaetakotogaaru)have the experience of: replaced something |
| Polite past experience | かえたことがあります (kaetakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: replaced something |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | かえると (kaeruto)whenever you replace something |
| Polite automatic result | かえますと (kaemasuto)whenever you replace something |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | かえるなら (kaerunara)if you mean to replace something |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | かえるだろう (kaerudarou)probably replace something |
| Polite probability | かえるでしょう (kaerudeshou)probably replace something |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | かえろ (kaero)replace something! |
| Polite request | かえてください (kaetekudasai)please replace something |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.