Japanese reference
悩む
なやむ
to worry, agonize over
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | なやむ (nayamu)worry |
| Polite, masu | なやみます (nayamimasu)worry |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | なやまない (nayamanai)do not worry |
| Polite negative | なやみません (nayamimasen)do not worry |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | なやんだ (nayanda)worried |
| Polite past | なやみました (nayamimashita)worried |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | なやまなかった (nayamanakatta)did not worry |
| Polite past negative | なやみませんでした (nayamimasendeshita)did not worry |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | なやんで (nayande)worrying (and then) |
| Polite te-form | なやみまして (nayamimashite)worrying (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | なやんでいる (nayandeiru)be worrying |
| Polite te-iru | なやんでいます (nayandeimasu)be worrying |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | なやめば (nayameba)if you worry |
| Rare literary polite conditional | なやみますれば (nayamimasureba)if you worry (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | なやんだら (nayandara)if you worry |
| Polite conditional, tara | なやみましたら (nayamimashitara)if you worry |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | なやめる (nayameru)can worry |
| Polite potential | なやめます (nayamemasu)can worry |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | なやもう (nayamou)let's worry! |
| Polite volitional | なやみましょう (nayamimashou)let's worry! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | なやみたい (nayamitai)want to worry |
| Polite desire, tai | なやみたいです (nayamitaidesu)want to worry |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | なやまれる (nayamareru)be affected when someone worries |
| Polite passive | なやまれます (nayamaremasu)be affected when someone worries |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | なやませる (nayamaseru)make or let someone worry |
| Polite causative | なやませます (nayamasemasu)make or let someone worry |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | なやませられる (nayamaserareru)be made to worry |
| Polite causative-passive | なやませられます (nayamaseraremasu)be made to worry |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | なやむな (nayamuna)do not worry! |
| Polite negative request | なやまないでください (nayamanaidekudasai)please do not worry |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | なやみます (nayamimasu)worry |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | なやみません (nayamimasen)do not worry |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | なやみました (nayamimashita)worried |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | なやみませんでした (nayamimasendeshita)did not worry |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | なやんでください (nayandekudasai)please worry |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | なやまないでください (nayamanaidekudasai)please do not worry |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | なやみましょう (nayamimashou)let's worry! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | なやんでもいい (nayandemoii)may worry |
| Polite permission | なやんでもいいです (nayandemoiidesu)may worry |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | なやんではいけない (nayandehaikenai)must not worry |
| Polite prohibition | なやんではいけません (nayandehaikemasen)must not worry |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | なやみなさい (nayaminasai)worry (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | なやんでみる (nayandemiru)try to worry |
| Polite try doing | なやんでみます (nayandemimasu)try to worry |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | なやんでしまう (nayandeshimau)worry completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | なやんでしまいます (nayandeshimaimasu)worry completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | なやんでおく (nayandeoku)worry in advance |
| Polite preparation | なやんでおきます (nayandeokimasu)worry in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | なやんだことがある (nayandakotogaaru)have the experience of: worried |
| Polite past experience | なやんだことがあります (nayandakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: worried |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | なやむと (nayamuto)whenever you worry |
| Polite automatic result | なやみますと (nayamimasuto)whenever you worry |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | なやむなら (nayamunara)if you mean to worry |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | なやむだろう (nayamudarou)probably worry |
| Polite probability | なやむでしょう (nayamudeshou)probably worry |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | なやめ (nayame)worry! |
| Polite request | なやんでください (nayandekudasai)please worry |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.