Japanese reference
抱える
かかえる
to hold in one's arms, be burdened with
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | かかえる (kakaeru)hold something in one's arms |
| Polite, masu | かかえます (kakaemasu)hold something in one's arms |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | かかえない (kakaenai)do not hold something in one's arms |
| Polite negative | かかえません (kakaemasen)do not hold something in one's arms |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | かかえた (kakaeta)held something in one's arms |
| Polite past | かかえました (kakaemashita)held something in one's arms |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | かかえなかった (kakaenakatta)did not hold something in one's arms |
| Polite past negative | かかえませんでした (kakaemasendeshita)did not hold something in one's arms |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | かかえて (kakaete)holding something in one's arms (and then) |
| Polite te-form | かかえまして (kakaemashite)holding something in one's arms (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | かかえている (kakaeteiru)be holding something in one's arms |
| Polite te-iru | かかえています (kakaeteimasu)be holding something in one's arms |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | かかえれば (kakaereba)if you hold something in your arms |
| Rare literary polite conditional | かかえますれば (kakaemasureba)if you hold something in your arms (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | かかえたら (kakaetara)if you hold something in your arms |
| Polite conditional, tara | かかえましたら (kakaemashitara)if you hold something in your arms |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | かかえられる (kakaerareru)can hold something in one's arms |
| Polite potential | かかえられます (kakaeraremasu)can hold something in one's arms |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | かかえよう (kakaeyou)let's hold something in our arms! |
| Polite volitional | かかえましょう (kakaemashou)let's hold something in our arms! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | かかえたい (kakaetai)want to hold something in one's arms |
| Polite desire, tai | かかえたいです (kakaetaidesu)want to hold something in one's arms |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | かかえられる (kakaerareru)be affected when someone holds something in their arms |
| Polite passive | かかえられます (kakaeraremasu)be affected when someone holds something in their arms |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | かかえさせる (kakaesaseru)make or let someone hold something in their arms |
| Polite causative | かかえさせます (kakaesasemasu)make or let someone hold something in their arms |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | かかえさせられる (kakaesaserareru)be made to hold something in one's arms |
| Polite causative-passive | かかえさせられます (kakaesaseraremasu)be made to hold something in one's arms |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | かかえるな (kakaeruna)do not hold something in your arms! |
| Polite negative request | かかえないでください (kakaenaidekudasai)please do not hold something in your arms |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | かかえます (kakaemasu)hold something in one's arms |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | かかえません (kakaemasen)do not hold something in one's arms |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | かかえました (kakaemashita)held something in one's arms |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | かかえませんでした (kakaemasendeshita)did not hold something in one's arms |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | かかえてください (kakaetekudasai)please hold something in your arms |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | かかえないでください (kakaenaidekudasai)please do not hold something in your arms |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | かかえましょう (kakaemashou)let's hold something in our arms! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | かかえてもいい (kakaetemoii)may hold something in one's arms |
| Polite permission | かかえてもいいです (kakaetemoiidesu)may hold something in one's arms |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | かかえてはいけない (kakaetehaikenai)must not hold something in one's arms |
| Polite prohibition | かかえてはいけません (kakaetehaikemasen)must not hold something in one's arms |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | かかえなさい (kakaenasai)hold something in one's arms (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | かかえてみる (kakaetemiru)try to hold something in one's arms |
| Polite try doing | かかえてみます (kakaetemimasu)try to hold something in one's arms |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | かかえてしまう (kakaeteshimau)hold something in one's arms completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | かかえてしまいます (kakaeteshimaimasu)hold something in one's arms completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | かかえておく (kakaeteoku)hold something in one's arms in advance |
| Polite preparation | かかえておきます (kakaeteokimasu)hold something in one's arms in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | かかえたことがある (kakaetakotogaaru)have the experience of: held something in one's arms |
| Polite past experience | かかえたことがあります (kakaetakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: held something in one's arms |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | かかえると (kakaeruto)whenever you hold something in one's arms |
| Polite automatic result | かかえますと (kakaemasuto)whenever you hold something in one's arms |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | かかえるなら (kakaerunara)if you mean to hold something in one's arms |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | かかえるだろう (kakaerudarou)probably hold something in one's arms |
| Polite probability | かかえるでしょう (kakaerudeshou)probably hold something in one's arms |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | かかえろ (kakaero)hold something in your arms! |
| Polite request | かかえてください (kakaetekudasai)please hold something in your arms |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.