Japanese reference
振り返る
ふりかえる
to look back; to reflect on
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | ふりかえる (furikaeru)look back |
| Polite, masu | ふりかえります (furikaerimasu)look back |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | ふりかえらない (furikaeranai)do not look back |
| Polite negative | ふりかえりません (furikaerimasen)do not look back |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | ふりかえった (furikaetta)looked back |
| Polite past | ふりかえりました (furikaerimashita)looked back |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | ふりかえらなかった (furikaeranakatta)did not look back |
| Polite past negative | ふりかえりませんでした (furikaerimasendeshita)did not look back |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | ふりかえって (furikaette)looking back (and then) |
| Polite te-form | ふりかえりまして (furikaerimashite)looking back (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | ふりかえっている (furikaetteiru)be looking back |
| Polite te-iru | ふりかえっています (furikaetteimasu)be looking back |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | ふりかえれば (furikaereba)if you look back |
| Rare literary polite conditional | ふりかえりますれば (furikaerimasureba)if you look back (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | ふりかえったら (furikaettara)if you look back |
| Polite conditional, tara | ふりかえりましたら (furikaerimashitara)if you look back |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | ふりかえれる (furikaereru)can look back |
| Polite potential | ふりかえれます (furikaeremasu)can look back |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | ふりかえろう (furikaerou)let's look back! |
| Polite volitional | ふりかえりましょう (furikaerimashou)let's look back! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | ふりかえりたい (furikaeritai)want to look back |
| Polite desire, tai | ふりかえりたいです (furikaeritaidesu)want to look back |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | ふりかえられる (furikaerareru)be affected when someone looks back |
| Polite passive | ふりかえられます (furikaeraremasu)be affected when someone looks back |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | ふりかえらせる (furikaeraseru)make or let someone look back |
| Polite causative | ふりかえらせます (furikaerasemasu)make or let someone look back |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | ふりかえらせられる (furikaeraserareru)be made to look back |
| Polite causative-passive | ふりかえらせられます (furikaeraseraremasu)be made to look back |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | ふりかえるな (furikaeruna)do not look back! |
| Polite negative request | ふりかえらないでください (furikaeranaidekudasai)please do not look back |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | ふりかえります (furikaerimasu)look back |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | ふりかえりません (furikaerimasen)do not look back |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | ふりかえりました (furikaerimashita)looked back |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | ふりかえりませんでした (furikaerimasendeshita)did not look back |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | ふりかえってください (furikaettekudasai)please look back |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | ふりかえらないでください (furikaeranaidekudasai)please do not look back |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | ふりかえりましょう (furikaerimashou)let's look back! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | ふりかえってもいい (furikaettemoii)may look back |
| Polite permission | ふりかえってもいいです (furikaettemoiidesu)may look back |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | ふりかえってはいけない (furikaettehaikenai)must not look back |
| Polite prohibition | ふりかえってはいけません (furikaettehaikemasen)must not look back |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | ふりかえりなさい (furikaerinasai)look back (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | ふりかえってみる (furikaettemiru)try to look back |
| Polite try doing | ふりかえってみます (furikaettemimasu)try to look back |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | ふりかえってしまう (furikaetteshimau)look back completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | ふりかえってしまいます (furikaetteshimaimasu)look back completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | ふりかえっておく (furikaetteoku)look back in advance |
| Polite preparation | ふりかえっておきます (furikaetteokimasu)look back in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | ふりかえったことがある (furikaettakotogaaru)have the experience of: looked back |
| Polite past experience | ふりかえったことがあります (furikaettakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: looked back |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | ふりかえると (furikaeruto)whenever you look back |
| Polite automatic result | ふりかえりますと (furikaerimasuto)whenever you look back |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | ふりかえるなら (furikaerunara)if you mean to look back |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | ふりかえるだろう (furikaerudarou)probably look back |
| Polite probability | ふりかえるでしょう (furikaerudeshou)probably look back |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | ふりかえれ (furikaere)look back! |
| Polite request | ふりかえってください (furikaettekudasai)please look back |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.