Japanese reference
枯れる
かれる
to wither, die (of a plant)
Regular · 26 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | かれる (kareru)a plant withers |
| Polite, masu | かれます (karemasu)a plant withers |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | かれない (karenai)a plant does not wither |
| Polite negative | かれません (karemasen)a plant does not wither |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | かれた (kareta)a plant withered |
| Polite past | かれました (karemashita)a plant withered |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | かれなかった (karenakatta)a plant did not wither |
| Polite past negative | かれませんでした (karemasendeshita)a plant did not wither |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | かれて (karete)withering (and then) |
| Polite te-form | かれまして (karemashite)withering (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | かれている (kareteiru)a plant is withered |
| Polite te-iru | かれています (kareteimasu)a plant is withered |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | かれれば (karereba)if a plant withers |
| Rare literary polite conditional | かれますれば (karemasureba)if a plant withers (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | かれたら (karetara)if a plant withers |
| Polite conditional, tara | かれましたら (karemashitara)if a plant withers |
Voice
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | かれさせる (karesaseru)cause a plant to wither |
| Polite causative | かれさせます (karesasemasu)cause a plant to wither |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | かれるな (kareruna)do not wither! |
| Polite negative request | かれないでください (karenaidekudasai)please do not wither |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | かれます (karemasu)a plant withers |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | かれません (karemasen)a plant does not wither |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | かれました (karemashita)a plant withered |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | かれませんでした (karemasendeshita)a plant did not wither |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | かれてください (karetekudasai)please wither |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | かれないでください (karenaidekudasai)please do not wither |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | かれてもいい (karetemoii)may a plant withers |
| Polite permission | かれてもいいです (karetemoiidesu)may a plant withers |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | かれてはいけない (karetehaikenai)must not a plant withers |
| Polite prohibition | かれてはいけません (karetehaikemasen)must not a plant withers |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | かれなさい (karenasai)a plant withers (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | かれてみる (karetemiru)try to a plant withers |
| Polite try doing | かれてみます (karetemimasu)try to a plant withers |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | かれてしまう (kareteshimau)a plant withers completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | かれてしまいます (kareteshimaimasu)a plant withers completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | かれておく (kareteoku)a plant withers in advance |
| Polite preparation | かれておきます (kareteokimasu)a plant withers in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | かれたことがある (karetakotogaaru)have the experience of: a plant withered |
| Polite past experience | かれたことがあります (karetakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: a plant withered |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | かれると (kareruto)whenever you a plant withers |
| Polite automatic result | かれますと (karemasuto)whenever you a plant withers |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | かれるなら (karerunara)if you mean to a plant withers |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | かれるだろう (karerudarou)probably a plant withers |
| Polite probability | かれるでしょう (karerudeshou)probably a plant withers |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | かれろ (karero)wither! |
| Polite request | かれてください (karetekudasai)please wither |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.