Japanese reference
泳ぐ
およぐ
to swim
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | およぐ (oyogu)swim |
| Polite, masu | およぎます (oyogimasu)swim |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | およがない (oyoganai)do not swim |
| Polite negative | およぎません (oyogimasen)do not swim |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | およいだ (oyoida)swam |
| Polite past | およぎました (oyogimashita)swam |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | およがなかった (oyoganakatta)did not swim |
| Polite past negative | およぎませんでした (oyogimasendeshita)did not swim |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | およいで (oyoide)swimming (and then) |
| Polite te-form | およぎまして (oyogimashite)swimming (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | およいでいる (oyoideiru)be swimming |
| Polite te-iru | およいでいます (oyoideimasu)be swimming |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | およげば (oyogeba)if you swim |
| Rare literary polite conditional | およぎますれば (oyogimasureba)if you swim (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | およいだら (oyoidara)if you swim |
| Polite conditional, tara | およぎましたら (oyogimashitara)if you swim |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | およげる (oyogeru)can swim |
| Polite potential | およげます (oyogemasu)can swim |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | およごう (oyogou)let's swim! |
| Polite volitional | およぎましょう (oyogimashou)let's swim! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | およぎたい (oyogitai)want to swim |
| Polite desire, tai | およぎたいです (oyogitaidesu)want to swim |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | およがれる (oyogareru)be affected when someone swims |
| Polite passive | およがれます (oyogaremasu)be affected when someone swims |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | およがせる (oyogaseru)make or let someone swim |
| Polite causative | およがせます (oyogasemasu)make or let someone swim |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | およがせられる (oyogaserareru)be made to swim |
| Polite causative-passive | およがせられます (oyogaseraremasu)be made to swim |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | およぐな (oyoguna)do not swim! |
| Polite negative request | およがないでください (oyoganaidekudasai)please do not swim |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | およぎます (oyogimasu)swim |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | およぎません (oyogimasen)do not swim |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | およぎました (oyogimashita)swam |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | およぎませんでした (oyogimasendeshita)did not swim |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | およいでください (oyoidekudasai)please swim |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | およがないでください (oyoganaidekudasai)please do not swim |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | およぎましょう (oyogimashou)let's swim! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | およいでもいい (oyoidemoii)may swim |
| Polite permission | およいでもいいです (oyoidemoiidesu)may swim |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | およいではいけない (oyoidehaikenai)must not swim |
| Polite prohibition | およいではいけません (oyoidehaikemasen)must not swim |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | およぎなさい (oyoginasai)swim (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | およいでみる (oyoidemiru)try to swim |
| Polite try doing | およいでみます (oyoidemimasu)try to swim |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | およいでしまう (oyoideshimau)swim completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | およいでしまいます (oyoideshimaimasu)swim completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | およいでおく (oyoideoku)swim in advance |
| Polite preparation | およいでおきます (oyoideokimasu)swim in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | およいだことがある (oyoidakotogaaru)have the experience of: swam |
| Polite past experience | およいだことがあります (oyoidakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: swam |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | およぐと (oyoguto)whenever you swim |
| Polite automatic result | およぎますと (oyogimasuto)whenever you swim |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | およぐなら (oyogunara)if you mean to swim |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | およぐだろう (oyogudarou)probably swim |
| Polite probability | およぐでしょう (oyogudeshou)probably swim |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | およげ (oyoge)swim! |
| Polite request | およいでください (oyoidekudasai)please swim |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.