Japanese reference
洗う
あらう
to wash
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | あらう (arau)wash |
| Polite, masu | あらいます (araimasu)wash |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | あらわない (arawanai)do not wash |
| Polite negative | あらいません (araimasen)do not wash |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | あらった (aratta)washed |
| Polite past | あらいました (araimashita)washed |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | あらわなかった (arawanakatta)did not wash |
| Polite past negative | あらいませんでした (araimasendeshita)did not wash |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | あらって (aratte)washing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | あらいまして (araimashite)washing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | あらっている (aratteiru)be washing |
| Polite te-iru | あらっています (aratteimasu)be washing |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | あらえば (araeba)if you wash |
| Rare literary polite conditional | あらいますれば (araimasureba)if you wash (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | あらったら (arattara)if you wash |
| Polite conditional, tara | あらいましたら (araimashitara)if you wash |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | あらえる (araeru)can wash |
| Polite potential | あらえます (araemasu)can wash |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | あらおう (araou)let's wash! |
| Polite volitional | あらいましょう (araimashou)let's wash! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | あらいたい (araitai)want to wash |
| Polite desire, tai | あらいたいです (araitaidesu)want to wash |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | あらわれる (arawareru)be washed |
| Polite passive | あらわれます (arawaremasu)be washed |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | あらわせる (arawaseru)make or let someone wash |
| Polite causative | あらわせます (arawasemasu)make or let someone wash |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | あらわせられる (arawaserareru)be made to wash |
| Polite causative-passive | あらわせられます (arawaseraremasu)be made to wash |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | あらうな (arauna)do not wash! |
| Polite negative request | あらわないでください (arawanaidekudasai)please do not wash |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | あらいます (araimasu)wash |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | あらいません (araimasen)do not wash |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | あらいました (araimashita)washed |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | あらいませんでした (araimasendeshita)did not wash |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | あらってください (arattekudasai)please wash |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | あらわないでください (arawanaidekudasai)please do not wash |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | あらいましょう (araimashou)let's wash! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | あらってもいい (arattemoii)may wash |
| Polite permission | あらってもいいです (arattemoiidesu)may wash |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | あらってはいけない (arattehaikenai)must not wash |
| Polite prohibition | あらってはいけません (arattehaikemasen)must not wash |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | あらいなさい (arainasai)wash (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | あらってみる (arattemiru)try to wash |
| Polite try doing | あらってみます (arattemimasu)try to wash |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | あらってしまう (aratteshimau)wash completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | あらってしまいます (aratteshimaimasu)wash completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | あらっておく (aratteoku)wash in advance |
| Polite preparation | あらっておきます (aratteokimasu)wash in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | あらったことがある (arattakotogaaru)have the experience of: washed |
| Polite past experience | あらったことがあります (arattakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: washed |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | あらうと (arauto)whenever you wash |
| Polite automatic result | あらいますと (araimasuto)whenever you wash |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | あらうなら (araunara)if you mean to wash |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | あらうだろう (araudarou)probably wash |
| Polite probability | あらうでしょう (araudeshou)probably wash |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | あらえ (arae)wash! |
| Polite request | あらってください (arattekudasai)please wash |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.