Japanese reference
謝る
あやまる
to apologize
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | あやまる (ayamaru)apologize |
| Polite, masu | あやまります (ayamarimasu)apologize |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | あやまらない (ayamaranai)do not apologize |
| Polite negative | あやまりません (ayamarimasen)do not apologize |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | あやまった (ayamatta)apologized |
| Polite past | あやまりました (ayamarimashita)apologized |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | あやまらなかった (ayamaranakatta)did not apologize |
| Polite past negative | あやまりませんでした (ayamarimasendeshita)did not apologize |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | あやまって (ayamatte)apologizing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | あやまりまして (ayamarimashite)apologizing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | あやまっている (ayamatteiru)be apologizing |
| Polite te-iru | あやまっています (ayamatteimasu)be apologizing |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | あやまれば (ayamareba)if you apologize |
| Rare literary polite conditional | あやまりますれば (ayamarimasureba)if you apologize (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | あやまったら (ayamattara)if you apologize |
| Polite conditional, tara | あやまりましたら (ayamarimashitara)if you apologize |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | あやまれる (ayamareru)can apologize |
| Polite potential | あやまれます (ayamaremasu)can apologize |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | あやまろう (ayamarou)let's apologize! |
| Polite volitional | あやまりましょう (ayamarimashou)let's apologize! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | あやまりたい (ayamaritai)want to apologize |
| Polite desire, tai | あやまりたいです (ayamaritaidesu)want to apologize |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | あやまられる (ayamarareru)be affected when someone apologizes |
| Polite passive | あやまられます (ayamararemasu)be affected when someone apologizes |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | あやまらせる (ayamaraseru)make or let someone apologize |
| Polite causative | あやまらせます (ayamarasemasu)make or let someone apologize |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | あやまらせられる (ayamaraserareru)be made to apologize |
| Polite causative-passive | あやまらせられます (ayamaraseraremasu)be made to apologize |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | あやまるな (ayamaruna)do not apologize! |
| Polite negative request | あやまらないでください (ayamaranaidekudasai)please do not apologize |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | あやまります (ayamarimasu)apologize |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | あやまりません (ayamarimasen)do not apologize |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | あやまりました (ayamarimashita)apologized |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | あやまりませんでした (ayamarimasendeshita)did not apologize |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | あやまってください (ayamattekudasai)please apologize |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | あやまらないでください (ayamaranaidekudasai)please do not apologize |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | あやまりましょう (ayamarimashou)let's apologize! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | あやまってもいい (ayamattemoii)may apologize |
| Polite permission | あやまってもいいです (ayamattemoiidesu)may apologize |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | あやまってはいけない (ayamattehaikenai)must not apologize |
| Polite prohibition | あやまってはいけません (ayamattehaikemasen)must not apologize |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | あやまりなさい (ayamarinasai)apologize (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | あやまってみる (ayamattemiru)try to apologize |
| Polite try doing | あやまってみます (ayamattemimasu)try to apologize |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | あやまってしまう (ayamatteshimau)apologize completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | あやまってしまいます (ayamatteshimaimasu)apologize completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | あやまっておく (ayamatteoku)apologize in advance |
| Polite preparation | あやまっておきます (ayamatteokimasu)apologize in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | あやまったことがある (ayamattakotogaaru)have the experience of: apologized |
| Polite past experience | あやまったことがあります (ayamattakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: apologized |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | あやまると (ayamaruto)whenever you apologize |
| Polite automatic result | あやまりますと (ayamarimasuto)whenever you apologize |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | あやまるなら (ayamarunara)if you mean to apologize |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | あやまるだろう (ayamarudarou)probably apologize |
| Polite probability | あやまるでしょう (ayamarudeshou)probably apologize |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | あやまれ (ayamare)apologize! |
| Polite request | あやまってください (ayamattekudasai)please apologize |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.