Japanese reference
犯す
おかす
to commit (a crime)
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | おかす (okasu)commit |
| Polite, masu | おかします (okashimasu)commit |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | おかさない (okasanai)do not commit |
| Polite negative | おかしません (okashimasen)do not commit |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | おかした (okashita)committed |
| Polite past | おかしました (okashimashita)committed |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | おかさなかった (okasanakatta)did not commit |
| Polite past negative | おかしませんでした (okashimasendeshita)did not commit |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | おかして (okashite)committing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | おかしまして (okashimashite)committing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | おかしている (okashiteiru)be committing |
| Polite te-iru | おかしています (okashiteimasu)be committing |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | おかせば (okaseba)if you commit |
| Rare literary polite conditional | おかしますれば (okashimasureba)if you commit (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | おかしたら (okashitara)if you commit |
| Polite conditional, tara | おかしましたら (okashimashitara)if you commit |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | おかせる (okaseru)can commit |
| Polite potential | おかせます (okasemasu)can commit |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | おかそう (okasou)let's commit! |
| Polite volitional | おかしましょう (okashimashou)let's commit! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | おかしたい (okashitai)want to commit |
| Polite desire, tai | おかしたいです (okashitaidesu)want to commit |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | おかされる (okasareru)be affected when someone commits |
| Polite passive | おかされます (okasaremasu)be affected when someone commits |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | おかさせる (okasaseru)make or let someone commit |
| Polite causative | おかさせます (okasasemasu)make or let someone commit |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | おかさせられる (okasaserareru)be made to commit |
| Polite causative-passive | おかさせられます (okasaseraremasu)be made to commit |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | おかすな (okasuna)do not commit! |
| Polite negative request | おかさないでください (okasanaidekudasai)please do not commit |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | おかします (okashimasu)commit |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | おかしません (okashimasen)do not commit |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | おかしました (okashimashita)committed |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | おかしませんでした (okashimasendeshita)did not commit |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | おかしてください (okashitekudasai)please commit |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | おかさないでください (okasanaidekudasai)please do not commit |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | おかしましょう (okashimashou)let's commit! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | おかしてもいい (okashitemoii)may commit |
| Polite permission | おかしてもいいです (okashitemoiidesu)may commit |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | おかしてはいけない (okashitehaikenai)must not commit |
| Polite prohibition | おかしてはいけません (okashitehaikemasen)must not commit |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | おかしなさい (okashinasai)commit (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | おかしてみる (okashitemiru)try to commit |
| Polite try doing | おかしてみます (okashitemimasu)try to commit |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | おかしてしまう (okashiteshimau)commit completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | おかしてしまいます (okashiteshimaimasu)commit completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | おかしておく (okashiteoku)commit in advance |
| Polite preparation | おかしておきます (okashiteokimasu)commit in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | おかしたことがある (okashitakotogaaru)have the experience of: committed |
| Polite past experience | おかしたことがあります (okashitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: committed |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | おかすと (okasuto)whenever you commit |
| Polite automatic result | おかしますと (okashimasuto)whenever you commit |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | おかすなら (okasunara)if you mean to commit |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | おかすだろう (okasudarou)probably commit |
| Polite probability | おかすでしょう (okasudeshou)probably commit |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | おかせ (okase)commit! |
| Polite request | おかしてください (okashitekudasai)please commit |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.