Japanese reference
置く
おく
to put something down
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | おく (oku)put something down |
| Polite, masu | おきます (okimasu)put something down |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | おかない (okanai)do not put something down |
| Polite negative | おきません (okimasen)do not put something down |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | おいた (oita)put something down |
| Polite past | おきました (okimashita)put something down |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | おかなかった (okanakatta)did not put something down |
| Polite past negative | おきませんでした (okimasendeshita)did not put something down |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | おいて (oite)putting something down (and then) |
| Polite te-form | おきまして (okimashite)putting something down (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | おいている (oiteiru)be putting something down |
| Polite te-iru | おいています (oiteimasu)be putting something down |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | おけば (okeba)if you put something down |
| Rare literary polite conditional | おきますれば (okimasureba)if you put something down (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | おいたら (oitara)if you put something down |
| Polite conditional, tara | おきましたら (okimashitara)if you put something down |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | おける (okeru)can put something down |
| Polite potential | おけます (okemasu)can put something down |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | おこう (okou)let's put something down! |
| Polite volitional | おきましょう (okimashou)let's put something down! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | おきたい (okitai)want to put something down |
| Polite desire, tai | おきたいです (okitaidesu)want to put something down |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | おかれる (okareru)be affected when someone puts something down |
| Polite passive | おかれます (okaremasu)be affected when someone puts something down |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | おかせる (okaseru)make or let someone put something down |
| Polite causative | おかせます (okasemasu)make or let someone put something down |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | おかせられる (okaserareru)be made to put something down |
| Polite causative-passive | おかせられます (okaseraremasu)be made to put something down |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | おくな (okuna)do not put something down! |
| Polite negative request | おかないでください (okanaidekudasai)please do not put something down |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | おきます (okimasu)put something down |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | おきません (okimasen)do not put something down |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | おきました (okimashita)put something down |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | おきませんでした (okimasendeshita)did not put something down |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | おいてください (oitekudasai)please put something down |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | おかないでください (okanaidekudasai)please do not put something down |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | おきましょう (okimashou)let's put something down! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | おいてもいい (oitemoii)may put something down |
| Polite permission | おいてもいいです (oitemoiidesu)may put something down |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | おいてはいけない (oitehaikenai)must not put something down |
| Polite prohibition | おいてはいけません (oitehaikemasen)must not put something down |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | おきなさい (okinasai)put something down (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | おいてみる (oitemiru)try to put something down |
| Polite try doing | おいてみます (oitemimasu)try to put something down |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | おいてしまう (oiteshimau)put something down completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | おいてしまいます (oiteshimaimasu)put something down completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | おいておく (oiteoku)put something down in advance |
| Polite preparation | おいておきます (oiteokimasu)put something down in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | おいたことがある (oitakotogaaru)have the experience of: put something down |
| Polite past experience | おいたことがあります (oitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: put something down |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | おくと (okuto)whenever you put something down |
| Polite automatic result | おきますと (okimasuto)whenever you put something down |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | おくなら (okunara)if you mean to put something down |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | おくだろう (okudarou)probably put something down |
| Polite probability | おくでしょう (okudeshou)probably put something down |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | おけ (oke)put something down! |
| Polite request | おいてください (oitekudasai)please put something down |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.