Japanese reference
送る
おくる
to send
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | おくる (okuru)send |
| Polite, masu | おくります (okurimasu)send |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | おくらない (okuranai)do not send |
| Polite negative | おくりません (okurimasen)do not send |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | おくった (okutta)sent |
| Polite past | おくりました (okurimashita)sent |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | おくらなかった (okuranakatta)did not send |
| Polite past negative | おくりませんでした (okurimasendeshita)did not send |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | おくって (okutte)sending (and then) |
| Polite te-form | おくりまして (okurimashite)sending (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | おくっている (okutteiru)be sending |
| Polite te-iru | おくっています (okutteimasu)be sending |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | おくれば (okureba)if you send |
| Rare literary polite conditional | おくりますれば (okurimasureba)if you send (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | おくったら (okuttara)if you send |
| Polite conditional, tara | おくりましたら (okurimashitara)if you send |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | おくれる (okureru)can send |
| Polite potential | おくれます (okuremasu)can send |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | おくろう (okurou)let's send! |
| Polite volitional | おくりましょう (okurimashou)let's send! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | おくりたい (okuritai)want to send |
| Polite desire, tai | おくりたいです (okuritaidesu)want to send |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | おくられる (okurareru)be sent |
| Polite passive | おくられます (okuraremasu)be sent |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | おくらせる (okuraseru)make or let someone send |
| Polite causative | おくらせます (okurasemasu)make or let someone send |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | おくらせられる (okuraserareru)be made to send |
| Polite causative-passive | おくらせられます (okuraseraremasu)be made to send |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | おくるな (okuruna)do not send! |
| Polite negative request | おくらないでください (okuranaidekudasai)please do not send |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | おくります (okurimasu)send |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | おくりません (okurimasen)do not send |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | おくりました (okurimashita)sent |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | おくりませんでした (okurimasendeshita)did not send |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | おくってください (okuttekudasai)please send |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | おくらないでください (okuranaidekudasai)please do not send |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | おくりましょう (okurimashou)let's send! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | おくってもいい (okuttemoii)may send |
| Polite permission | おくってもいいです (okuttemoiidesu)may send |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | おくってはいけない (okuttehaikenai)must not send |
| Polite prohibition | おくってはいけません (okuttehaikemasen)must not send |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | おくりなさい (okurinasai)send (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | おくってみる (okuttemiru)try to send |
| Polite try doing | おくってみます (okuttemimasu)try to send |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | おくってしまう (okutteshimau)send completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | おくってしまいます (okutteshimaimasu)send completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | おくっておく (okutteoku)send in advance |
| Polite preparation | おくっておきます (okutteokimasu)send in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | おくったことがある (okuttakotogaaru)have the experience of: sent |
| Polite past experience | おくったことがあります (okuttakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: sent |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | おくると (okuruto)whenever you send |
| Polite automatic result | おくりますと (okurimasuto)whenever you send |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | おくるなら (okurunara)if you mean to send |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | おくるだろう (okurudarou)probably send |
| Polite probability | おくるでしょう (okurudeshou)probably send |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | おくれ (okure)send! |
| Polite request | おくってください (okuttekudasai)please send |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.