Japanese reference
解く
とく
to solve
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | とく (toku)solve |
| Polite, masu | ときます (tokimasu)solve |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | とかない (tokanai)do not solve |
| Polite negative | ときません (tokimasen)do not solve |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | といた (toita)solved |
| Polite past | ときました (tokimashita)solved |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | とかなかった (tokanakatta)did not solve |
| Polite past negative | ときませんでした (tokimasendeshita)did not solve |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | といて (toite)solving (and then) |
| Polite te-form | ときまして (tokimashite)solving (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | といている (toiteiru)be solving |
| Polite te-iru | といています (toiteimasu)be solving |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | とけば (tokeba)if you solve |
| Rare literary polite conditional | ときますれば (tokimasureba)if you solve (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | といたら (toitara)if you solve |
| Polite conditional, tara | ときましたら (tokimashitara)if you solve |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | とける (tokeru)can solve |
| Polite potential | とけます (tokemasu)can solve |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | とこう (tokou)let's solve! |
| Polite volitional | ときましょう (tokimashou)let's solve! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | ときたい (tokitai)want to solve |
| Polite desire, tai | ときたいです (tokitaidesu)want to solve |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | とかれる (tokareru)be solved |
| Polite passive | とかれます (tokaremasu)be solved |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | とかせる (tokaseru)make or let someone solve |
| Polite causative | とかせます (tokasemasu)make or let someone solve |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | とかせられる (tokaserareru)be made to solve |
| Polite causative-passive | とかせられます (tokaseraremasu)be made to solve |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | とくな (tokuna)do not solve! |
| Polite negative request | とかないでください (tokanaidekudasai)please do not solve |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | ときます (tokimasu)solve |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | ときません (tokimasen)do not solve |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | ときました (tokimashita)solved |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | ときませんでした (tokimasendeshita)did not solve |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | といてください (toitekudasai)please solve |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | とかないでください (tokanaidekudasai)please do not solve |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | ときましょう (tokimashou)let's solve! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | といてもいい (toitemoii)may solve |
| Polite permission | といてもいいです (toitemoiidesu)may solve |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | といてはいけない (toitehaikenai)must not solve |
| Polite prohibition | といてはいけません (toitehaikemasen)must not solve |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | ときなさい (tokinasai)solve (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | といてみる (toitemiru)try to solve |
| Polite try doing | といてみます (toitemimasu)try to solve |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | といてしまう (toiteshimau)solve completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | といてしまいます (toiteshimaimasu)solve completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | といておく (toiteoku)solve in advance |
| Polite preparation | といておきます (toiteokimasu)solve in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | といたことがある (toitakotogaaru)have the experience of: solved |
| Polite past experience | といたことがあります (toitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: solved |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | とくと (tokuto)whenever you solve |
| Polite automatic result | ときますと (tokimasuto)whenever you solve |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | とくなら (tokunara)if you mean to solve |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | とくだろう (tokudarou)probably solve |
| Polite probability | とくでしょう (tokudeshou)probably solve |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | とけ (toke)solve! |
| Polite request | といてください (toitekudasai)please solve |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.