Japanese reference
記す
しるす
to write down; to record
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | しるす (shirusu)write down |
| Polite, masu | しるします (shirushimasu)write down |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | しるさない (shirusanai)do not write down |
| Polite negative | しるしません (shirushimasen)do not write down |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | しるした (shirushita)wrote down |
| Polite past | しるしました (shirushimashita)wrote down |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | しるさなかった (shirusanakatta)did not write down |
| Polite past negative | しるしませんでした (shirushimasendeshita)did not write down |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | しるして (shirushite)writing down (and then) |
| Polite te-form | しるしまして (shirushimashite)writing down (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | しるしている (shirushiteiru)be writing down |
| Polite te-iru | しるしています (shirushiteimasu)be writing down |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | しるせば (shiruseba)if you write down |
| Rare literary polite conditional | しるしますれば (shirushimasureba)if you write down (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | しるしたら (shirushitara)if you write down |
| Polite conditional, tara | しるしましたら (shirushimashitara)if you write down |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | しるせる (shiruseru)can write down |
| Polite potential | しるせます (shirusemasu)can write down |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | しるそう (shirusou)let's write down! |
| Polite volitional | しるしましょう (shirushimashou)let's write down! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | しるしたい (shirushitai)want to write down |
| Polite desire, tai | しるしたいです (shirushitaidesu)want to write down |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | しるされる (shirusareru)be affected when someone writes down |
| Polite passive | しるされます (shirusaremasu)be affected when someone writes down |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | しるさせる (shirusaseru)make or let someone write down |
| Polite causative | しるさせます (shirusasemasu)make or let someone write down |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | しるさせられる (shirusaserareru)be made to write down |
| Polite causative-passive | しるさせられます (shirusaseraremasu)be made to write down |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | しるすな (shirusuna)do not write down! |
| Polite negative request | しるさないでください (shirusanaidekudasai)please do not write down |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | しるします (shirushimasu)write down |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | しるしません (shirushimasen)do not write down |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | しるしました (shirushimashita)wrote down |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | しるしませんでした (shirushimasendeshita)did not write down |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | しるしてください (shirushitekudasai)please write down |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | しるさないでください (shirusanaidekudasai)please do not write down |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | しるしましょう (shirushimashou)let's write down! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | しるしてもいい (shirushitemoii)may write down |
| Polite permission | しるしてもいいです (shirushitemoiidesu)may write down |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | しるしてはいけない (shirushitehaikenai)must not write down |
| Polite prohibition | しるしてはいけません (shirushitehaikemasen)must not write down |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | しるしなさい (shirushinasai)write down (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | しるしてみる (shirushitemiru)try to write down |
| Polite try doing | しるしてみます (shirushitemimasu)try to write down |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | しるしてしまう (shirushiteshimau)write down completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | しるしてしまいます (shirushiteshimaimasu)write down completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | しるしておく (shirushiteoku)write down in advance |
| Polite preparation | しるしておきます (shirushiteokimasu)write down in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | しるしたことがある (shirushitakotogaaru)have the experience of: wrote down |
| Polite past experience | しるしたことがあります (shirushitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: wrote down |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | しるすと (shirusuto)whenever you write down |
| Polite automatic result | しるしますと (shirushimasuto)whenever you write down |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | しるすなら (shirusunara)if you mean to write down |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | しるすだろう (shirusudarou)probably write down |
| Polite probability | しるすでしょう (shirusudeshou)probably write down |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | しるせ (shiruse)write down! |
| Polite request | しるしてください (shirushitekudasai)please write down |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.