Japanese reference
通う
かよう
to commute, attend regularly
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | かよう (kayou)commute |
| Polite, masu | かよいます (kayoimasu)commute |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | かよわない (kayowanai)do not commute |
| Polite negative | かよいません (kayoimasen)do not commute |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | かよった (kayotta)commuted |
| Polite past | かよいました (kayoimashita)commuted |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | かよわなかった (kayowanakatta)did not commute |
| Polite past negative | かよいませんでした (kayoimasendeshita)did not commute |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | かよって (kayotte)commuting (and then) |
| Polite te-form | かよいまして (kayoimashite)commuting (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | かよっている (kayotteiru)be commuting |
| Polite te-iru | かよっています (kayotteimasu)be commuting |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | かよえば (kayoeba)if you commute |
| Rare literary polite conditional | かよいますれば (kayoimasureba)if you commute (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | かよったら (kayottara)if you commute |
| Polite conditional, tara | かよいましたら (kayoimashitara)if you commute |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | かよえる (kayoeru)can commute |
| Polite potential | かよえます (kayoemasu)can commute |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | かよおう (kayoou)let's commute! |
| Polite volitional | かよいましょう (kayoimashou)let's commute! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | かよいたい (kayoitai)want to commute |
| Polite desire, tai | かよいたいです (kayoitaidesu)want to commute |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | かよわれる (kayowareru)be affected when someone commutes |
| Polite passive | かよわれます (kayowaremasu)be affected when someone commutes |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | かよわせる (kayowaseru)make or let someone commute |
| Polite causative | かよわせます (kayowasemasu)make or let someone commute |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | かよわせられる (kayowaserareru)be made to commute |
| Polite causative-passive | かよわせられます (kayowaseraremasu)be made to commute |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | かような (kayouna)do not commute! |
| Polite negative request | かよわないでください (kayowanaidekudasai)please do not commute |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | かよいます (kayoimasu)commute |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | かよいません (kayoimasen)do not commute |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | かよいました (kayoimashita)commuted |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | かよいませんでした (kayoimasendeshita)did not commute |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | かよってください (kayottekudasai)please commute |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | かよわないでください (kayowanaidekudasai)please do not commute |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | かよいましょう (kayoimashou)let's commute! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | かよってもいい (kayottemoii)may commute |
| Polite permission | かよってもいいです (kayottemoiidesu)may commute |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | かよってはいけない (kayottehaikenai)must not commute |
| Polite prohibition | かよってはいけません (kayottehaikemasen)must not commute |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | かよいなさい (kayoinasai)commute (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | かよってみる (kayottemiru)try to commute |
| Polite try doing | かよってみます (kayottemimasu)try to commute |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | かよってしまう (kayotteshimau)commute completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | かよってしまいます (kayotteshimaimasu)commute completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | かよっておく (kayotteoku)commute in advance |
| Polite preparation | かよっておきます (kayotteokimasu)commute in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | かよったことがある (kayottakotogaaru)have the experience of: commuted |
| Polite past experience | かよったことがあります (kayottakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: commuted |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | かようと (kayouto)whenever you commute |
| Polite automatic result | かよいますと (kayoimasuto)whenever you commute |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | かようなら (kayounara)if you mean to commute |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | かようだろう (kayoudarou)probably commute |
| Polite probability | かようでしょう (kayoudeshou)probably commute |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | かよえ (kayoe)commute! |
| Polite request | かよってください (kayottekudasai)please commute |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.