Japanese reference
通る
とおる
to pass through, go along
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | とおる (tooru)pass through |
| Polite, masu | とおります (toorimasu)pass through |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | とおらない (tooranai)do not pass through |
| Polite negative | とおりません (toorimasen)do not pass through |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | とおった (tootta)passed through |
| Polite past | とおりました (toorimashita)passed through |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | とおらなかった (tooranakatta)did not pass through |
| Polite past negative | とおりませんでした (toorimasendeshita)did not pass through |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | とおって (tootte)passing through (and then) |
| Polite te-form | とおりまして (toorimashite)passing through (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | とおっている (tootteiru)be passing through |
| Polite te-iru | とおっています (tootteimasu)be passing through |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | とおれば (tooreba)if you pass through |
| Rare literary polite conditional | とおりますれば (toorimasureba)if you pass through (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | とおったら (toottara)if you pass through |
| Polite conditional, tara | とおりましたら (toorimashitara)if you pass through |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | とおれる (tooreru)can pass through |
| Polite potential | とおれます (tooremasu)can pass through |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | とおろう (toorou)let's pass through! |
| Polite volitional | とおりましょう (toorimashou)let's pass through! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | とおりたい (tooritai)want to pass through |
| Polite desire, tai | とおりたいです (tooritaidesu)want to pass through |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | とおられる (toorareru)be affected when someone passes through |
| Polite passive | とおられます (tooraremasu)be affected when someone passes through |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | とおらせる (tooraseru)make or let someone pass through |
| Polite causative | とおらせます (toorasemasu)make or let someone pass through |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | とおらせられる (tooraserareru)be made to pass through |
| Polite causative-passive | とおらせられます (tooraseraremasu)be made to pass through |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | とおるな (tooruna)do not pass through! |
| Polite negative request | とおらないでください (tooranaidekudasai)please do not pass through |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | とおります (toorimasu)pass through |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | とおりません (toorimasen)do not pass through |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | とおりました (toorimashita)passed through |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | とおりませんでした (toorimasendeshita)did not pass through |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | とおってください (toottekudasai)please pass through |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | とおらないでください (tooranaidekudasai)please do not pass through |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | とおりましょう (toorimashou)let's pass through! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | とおってもいい (toottemoii)may pass through |
| Polite permission | とおってもいいです (toottemoiidesu)may pass through |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | とおってはいけない (toottehaikenai)must not pass through |
| Polite prohibition | とおってはいけません (toottehaikemasen)must not pass through |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | とおりなさい (toorinasai)pass through (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | とおってみる (toottemiru)try to pass through |
| Polite try doing | とおってみます (toottemimasu)try to pass through |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | とおってしまう (tootteshimau)pass through completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | とおってしまいます (tootteshimaimasu)pass through completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | とおっておく (tootteoku)pass through in advance |
| Polite preparation | とおっておきます (tootteokimasu)pass through in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | とおったことがある (toottakotogaaru)have the experience of: passed through |
| Polite past experience | とおったことがあります (toottakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: passed through |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | とおると (tooruto)whenever you pass through |
| Polite automatic result | とおりますと (toorimasuto)whenever you pass through |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | とおるなら (toorunara)if you mean to pass through |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | とおるだろう (toorudarou)probably pass through |
| Polite probability | とおるでしょう (toorudeshou)probably pass through |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | とおれ (toore)pass through! |
| Polite request | とおってください (toottekudasai)please pass through |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.