Japanese reference
運ぶ
はこぶ
to carry, transport
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | はこぶ (hakobu)carry |
| Polite, masu | はこびます (hakobimasu)carry |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | はこばない (hakobanai)do not carry |
| Polite negative | はこびません (hakobimasen)do not carry |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | はこんだ (hakonda)carried |
| Polite past | はこびました (hakobimashita)carried |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | はこばなかった (hakobanakatta)did not carry |
| Polite past negative | はこびませんでした (hakobimasendeshita)did not carry |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | はこんで (hakonde)carrying (and then) |
| Polite te-form | はこびまして (hakobimashite)carrying (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | はこんでいる (hakondeiru)be carrying |
| Polite te-iru | はこんでいます (hakondeimasu)be carrying |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | はこべば (hakobeba)if you carry |
| Rare literary polite conditional | はこびますれば (hakobimasureba)if you carry (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | はこんだら (hakondara)if you carry |
| Polite conditional, tara | はこびましたら (hakobimashitara)if you carry |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | はこべる (hakoberu)can carry |
| Polite potential | はこべます (hakobemasu)can carry |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | はこぼう (hakobou)let's carry! |
| Polite volitional | はこびましょう (hakobimashou)let's carry! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | はこびたい (hakobitai)want to carry |
| Polite desire, tai | はこびたいです (hakobitaidesu)want to carry |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | はこばれる (hakobareru)be affected when someone carries |
| Polite passive | はこばれます (hakobaremasu)be affected when someone carries |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | はこばせる (hakobaseru)make or let someone carry |
| Polite causative | はこばせます (hakobasemasu)make or let someone carry |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | はこばせられる (hakobaserareru)be made to carry |
| Polite causative-passive | はこばせられます (hakobaseraremasu)be made to carry |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | はこぶな (hakobuna)do not carry! |
| Polite negative request | はこばないでください (hakobanaidekudasai)please do not carry |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | はこびます (hakobimasu)carry |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | はこびません (hakobimasen)do not carry |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | はこびました (hakobimashita)carried |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | はこびませんでした (hakobimasendeshita)did not carry |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | はこんでください (hakondekudasai)please carry |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | はこばないでください (hakobanaidekudasai)please do not carry |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | はこびましょう (hakobimashou)let's carry! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | はこんでもいい (hakondemoii)may carry |
| Polite permission | はこんでもいいです (hakondemoiidesu)may carry |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | はこんではいけない (hakondehaikenai)must not carry |
| Polite prohibition | はこんではいけません (hakondehaikemasen)must not carry |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | はこびなさい (hakobinasai)carry (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | はこんでみる (hakondemiru)try to carry |
| Polite try doing | はこんでみます (hakondemimasu)try to carry |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | はこんでしまう (hakondeshimau)carry completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | はこんでしまいます (hakondeshimaimasu)carry completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | はこんでおく (hakondeoku)carry in advance |
| Polite preparation | はこんでおきます (hakondeokimasu)carry in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | はこんだことがある (hakondakotogaaru)have the experience of: carried |
| Polite past experience | はこんだことがあります (hakondakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: carried |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | はこぶと (hakobuto)whenever you carry |
| Polite automatic result | はこびますと (hakobimasuto)whenever you carry |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | はこぶなら (hakobunara)if you mean to carry |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | はこぶだろう (hakobudarou)probably carry |
| Polite probability | はこぶでしょう (hakobudeshou)probably carry |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | はこべ (hakobe)carry! |
| Polite request | はこんでください (hakondekudasai)please carry |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.