Japanese reference
違う
ちがう
to be different; to be wrong
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | ちがう (chigau)be different |
| Polite, masu | ちがいます (chigaimasu)be different |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | ちがわない (chigawanai)not be different |
| Polite negative | ちがいません (chigaimasen)not be different |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | ちがった (chigatta)was different |
| Polite past | ちがいました (chigaimashita)was different |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | ちがわなかった (chigawanakatta)was not different |
| Polite past negative | ちがいませんでした (chigaimasendeshita)was not different |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | ちがって (chigatte)being different (and then) |
| Polite te-form | ちがいまして (chigaimashite)being different (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | ちがっている (chigatteiru)be different |
| Polite te-iru | ちがっています (chigatteimasu)be different |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | ちがえば (chigaeba)if you are different |
| Rare literary polite conditional | ちがいますれば (chigaimasureba)if you are different (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | ちがったら (chigattara)if you are different |
| Polite conditional, tara | ちがいましたら (chigaimashitara)if you are different |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | ちがえる (chigaeru)can be different |
| Polite potential | ちがえます (chigaemasu)can be different |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | ちがおう (chigaou)let's be different! |
| Polite volitional | ちがいましょう (chigaimashou)let's be different! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | ちがいたい (chigaitai)want to be different |
| Polite desire, tai | ちがいたいです (chigaitaidesu)want to be different |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | ちがわれる (chigawareru)be affected when someone is different |
| Polite passive | ちがわれます (chigawaremasu)be affected when someone is different |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | ちがわせる (chigawaseru)make or let someone be different |
| Polite causative | ちがわせます (chigawasemasu)make or let someone be different |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | ちがわせられる (chigawaserareru)be made to be different |
| Polite causative-passive | ちがわせられます (chigawaseraremasu)be made to be different |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | ちがうな (chigauna)do not be different! |
| Polite negative request | ちがわないでください (chigawanaidekudasai)please do not be different |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | ちがいます (chigaimasu)be different |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | ちがいません (chigaimasen)not be different |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | ちがいました (chigaimashita)was different |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | ちがいませんでした (chigaimasendeshita)was not different |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | ちがってください (chigattekudasai)please be different |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | ちがわないでください (chigawanaidekudasai)please do not be different |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | ちがいましょう (chigaimashou)let's be different! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | ちがってもいい (chigattemoii)may be different |
| Polite permission | ちがってもいいです (chigattemoiidesu)may be different |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | ちがってはいけない (chigattehaikenai)must not be different |
| Polite prohibition | ちがってはいけません (chigattehaikemasen)must not be different |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | ちがいなさい (chigainasai)be different (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | ちがってみる (chigattemiru)try to be different |
| Polite try doing | ちがってみます (chigattemimasu)try to be different |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | ちがってしまう (chigatteshimau)be different completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | ちがってしまいます (chigatteshimaimasu)be different completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | ちがっておく (chigatteoku)be different in advance |
| Polite preparation | ちがっておきます (chigatteokimasu)be different in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | ちがったことがある (chigattakotogaaru)have the experience of: was different |
| Polite past experience | ちがったことがあります (chigattakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: was different |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | ちがうと (chigauto)whenever you be different |
| Polite automatic result | ちがいますと (chigaimasuto)whenever you be different |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | ちがうなら (chigaunara)if you mean to be different |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | ちがうだろう (chigaudarou)probably be different |
| Polite probability | ちがうでしょう (chigaudeshou)probably be different |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | ちがえ (chigae)be different! |
| Polite request | ちがってください (chigattekudasai)please be different |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.