Portuguese reference
dever
to owe; must, should
Regular · 24 form tables
Brazilian Portuguese, with você, a gente and vocês. The tables also include personal infinitives; supplied tu commands appear under other forms.
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Indicative
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I owe |
| você, ele, ela | you owe; he/she owes |
| nós | we owe |
| a gente | we owe |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) owe; they owe |
Present continuous
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I owe right now |
| você, ele, ela | you owe right now; he/she owes right now |
| nós | we owe right now |
| a gente | we owe right now |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) owe right now; they owe right now |
Past continuous
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I owed at that time |
| você, ele, ela | you owed at that time; he/she owed at that time |
| nós | we owed at that time |
| a gente | we owed at that time |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) owed at that time; they owed at that time |
Completed past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I owed |
| você, ele, ela | you owed; he/she owed |
| nós | we owed |
| a gente | we owed |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) owed; they owed |
Imperfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I owed |
| você, ele, ela | you owed; he/she owed |
| nós | we owed |
| a gente | we owed |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) owed; they owed |
Compound past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I have owed lately |
| você, ele, ela | you have owed lately; he/she has owed lately |
| nós | we have owed lately |
| a gente | we have owed lately |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) have owed lately; they have owed lately |
Past perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I had owed |
| você, ele, ela | you had owed; he/she had owed |
| nós | we had owed |
| a gente | we had owed |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) had owed; they had owed |
Literary past perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I had owed |
| você, ele, ela | you had owed; he/she had owed |
| nós | we had owed |
| a gente | we had owed |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) had owed; they had owed |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I will owe |
| você, ele, ela | you will owe; he/she will owe |
| nós | we will owe |
| a gente | we will owe |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) will owe; they will owe |
Future perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I will have owed |
| você, ele, ela | you will have owed; he/she will have owed |
| nós | we will have owed |
| a gente | we will have owed |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) will have owed; they will have owed |
Going to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I am going to owe |
| você, ele, ela | you are going to owe; he/she is going to owe |
| nós | we are going to owe |
| a gente | we are going to owe |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) are going to owe; they are going to owe |
Was going to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I was going to owe |
| você, ele, ela | you were going to owe; he/she was going to owe |
| nós | we were going to owe |
| a gente | we were going to owe |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) were going to owe; they were going to owe |
Conditional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I would owe |
| você, ele, ela | you would owe; he/she would owe |
| nós | we would owe |
| a gente | we would owe |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) would owe; they would owe |
Conditional perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I would have owed |
| você, ele, ela | you would have owed; he/she would have owed |
| nós | we would have owed |
| a gente | we would have owed |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) would have owed; they would have owed |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (that) I owe |
| você, ele, ela | (that) you owe; (that) he/she owes |
| nós | (that) we owe |
| a gente | (that) we owe |
| vocês, eles, elas | (that) you (plural) owe; (that) they owe |
Imperfect subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (if) I owed |
| você, ele, ela | (if) you owed; (if) he/she owed |
| nós | (if) we owed |
| a gente | (if) we owed |
| vocês, eles, elas | (if) you (plural) owed; (if) they owed |
Perfect subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (that) I have owed |
| você, ele, ela | (that) you have owed; (that) he/she has owed |
| nós | (that) we have owed |
| a gente | (that) we have owed |
| vocês, eles, elas | (that) you (plural) have owed; (that) they have owed |
Pluperfect subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (that) I had owed |
| você, ele, ela | (that) you had owed; (that) he/she had owed |
| nós | (that) we had owed |
| a gente | (that) we had owed |
| vocês, eles, elas | (that) you (plural) had owed; (that) they had owed |
Future subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (when/if) I owe |
| você, ele, ela | (when/if) you owe; (when/if) he/she owes |
| nós | (when/if) we owe |
| a gente | (when/if) we owe |
| vocês, eles, elas | (when/if) you (plural) owe; (when/if) they owe |
Future perfect subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (when/if) I have owed |
| você, ele, ela | (when/if) you have owed; (when/if) he/she has owed |
| nós | (when/if) we have owed |
| a gente | (when/if) we have owed |
| vocês, eles, elas | (when/if) you (plural) have owed; (when/if) they have owed |
Commands
Affirmative command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| você, ele, ela | owe! |
| nós | let's owe! |
| vocês, eles, elas | owe! (plural) |
Negative command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| você, ele, ela | do not owe! |
| nós | let's not owe! |
| vocês, eles, elas | do not owe! (plural) |
Infinitive
Personal infinitive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | for me to owe |
| você, ele, ela | for you to owe; for him/her to owe |
| nós | for us to owe |
| a gente | for us to owe |
| vocês, eles, elas | for you (plural) to owe; for them to owe |
Compound personal infinitive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | for me to have owed |
| você, ele, ela | for you to have owed; for him/her to have owed |
| nós | for us to have owed |
| a gente | for us to have owed |
| vocês, eles, elas | for you (plural) to have owed; for them to have owed |
Additional forms
- Gerund
- Past participle
- Past infinitive
- Past gerund
- Affirmative command: tu
- Negative command: tu
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Portuguese entries.