Portuguese reference
ser
to be (identity, origin, profession)
Irregular · 24 form tables
Brazilian Portuguese, with você, a gente and vocês. The tables also include personal infinitives; supplied tu commands appear under other forms.
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Indicative
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I am |
| você, ele, ela | you are; he/she is |
| nós | we are |
| a gente | we are |
| vocês, eles, elas | you all/they are |
Present continuous
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I am right now |
| você, ele, ela | you are right now; he/she is right now |
| nós | we are right now |
| a gente | we are right now |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) are right now; they are right now |
Past continuous
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I was at that time |
| você, ele, ela | you were at that time; he/she was at that time |
| nós | we were at that time |
| a gente | we were at that time |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) were at that time; they were at that time |
Completed past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I was |
| você, ele, ela | you were; he/she was |
| nós | we were |
| a gente | we were |
| vocês, eles, elas | you all/they were |
Imperfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I was; I used to be |
| você, ele, ela | you were; he/she was; you/he/she used to be |
| nós | we were; we used to be |
| a gente | we were; we used to be |
| vocês, eles, elas | you all/they were; you all/they used to be |
Compound past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I have been lately |
| você, ele, ela | you have been lately; he/she has been lately |
| nós | we have been lately |
| a gente | we have been lately |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) have been lately; they have been lately |
Past perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I had been |
| você, ele, ela | you had been; he/she had been |
| nós | we had been |
| a gente | we had been |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) had been; they had been |
Literary past perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I had been |
| você, ele, ela | you had been; he/she had been |
| nós | we had been |
| a gente | we had been |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) had been; they had been |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I will be |
| você, ele, ela | you/he/she will be |
| nós | we will be |
| a gente | we will be |
| vocês, eles, elas | you all/they will be |
Future perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I will have been |
| você, ele, ela | you will have been; he/she will have been |
| nós | we will have been |
| a gente | we will have been |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) will have been; they will have been |
Going to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I am going to be |
| você, ele, ela | you are going to be; he/she is going to be |
| nós | we are going to be |
| a gente | we are going to be |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) are going to be; they are going to be |
Was going to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I was going to be |
| você, ele, ela | you were going to be; he/she was going to be |
| nós | we were going to be |
| a gente | we were going to be |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) were going to be; they were going to be |
Conditional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I would be |
| você, ele, ela | you/he/she would be |
| nós | we would be |
| a gente | we would be |
| vocês, eles, elas | you all/they would be |
Conditional perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | I would have been |
| você, ele, ela | you would have been; he/she would have been |
| nós | we would have been |
| a gente | we would have been |
| vocês, eles, elas | you (plural) would have been; they would have been |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (that) I am |
| você, ele, ela | (that) you are; (that) he/she is |
| nós | (that) we are |
| a gente | (that) we are |
| vocês, eles, elas | (that) you all/they are |
Imperfect subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (if) I were |
| você, ele, ela | (if) you/he/she were |
| nós | (if) we were |
| a gente | (if) we were |
| vocês, eles, elas | (if) you all/they were |
Perfect subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (that) I have been |
| você, ele, ela | (that) you have been; (that) he/she has been |
| nós | (that) we have been |
| a gente | (that) we have been |
| vocês, eles, elas | (that) you (plural) have been; (that) they have been |
Pluperfect subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (that) I had been |
| você, ele, ela | (that) you had been; (that) he/she had been |
| nós | (that) we had been |
| a gente | (that) we had been |
| vocês, eles, elas | (that) you (plural) had been; (that) they had been |
Future subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (when/if) I am |
| você, ele, ela | (when/if) you are; (when/if) he/she is |
| nós | (when/if) we are |
| a gente | (when/if) we are |
| vocês, eles, elas | (when/if) you (plural) are; (when/if) they are |
Future perfect subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | (when/if) I have been |
| você, ele, ela | (when/if) you have been; (when/if) he/she has been |
| nós | (when/if) we have been |
| a gente | (when/if) we have been |
| vocês, eles, elas | (when/if) you (plural) have been; (when/if) they have been |
Commands
Affirmative command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| você, ele, ela | be! |
| nós | let's be! |
| vocês, eles, elas | be! (plural) |
Negative command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| você, ele, ela | do not be! |
| nós | let's not be! |
| vocês, eles, elas | do not be! (plural) |
Infinitive
Personal infinitive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | for me to be |
| você, ele, ela | for you to be; for him/her to be |
| nós | for us to be |
| a gente | for us to be |
| vocês, eles, elas | for you (plural) to be; for them to be |
Compound personal infinitive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| eu | for me to have been |
| você, ele, ela | for you to have been; for him/her to have been |
| nós | for us to have been |
| a gente | for us to have been |
| vocês, eles, elas | for you (plural) to have been; for them to have been |
Additional forms
- Gerund
- Past participle
- Past infinitive
- Past gerund
- Affirmative command: tu
- Negative command: tu
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Portuguese entries.