Japanese reference
お辞儀する
おじぎする
to bow (greeting)
Irregular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | おじぎする (ojigisuru)bow |
| Polite, masu | おじぎします (ojigishimasu)bow |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | おじぎしない (ojigishinai)do not bow |
| Polite negative | おじぎしません (ojigishimasen)do not bow |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | おじぎした (ojigishita)bowed |
| Polite past | おじぎしました (ojigishimashita)bowed |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | おじぎしなかった (ojigishinakatta)did not bow |
| Polite past negative | おじぎしませんでした (ojigishimasendeshita)did not bow |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | おじぎして (ojigishite)bowing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | おじぎしまして (ojigishimashite)bowing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | おじぎしている (ojigishiteiru)be bowing |
| Polite te-iru | おじぎしています (ojigishiteimasu)be bowing |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | おじぎすれば (ojigisureba)if you bow |
| Rare literary polite conditional | おじぎしますれば (ojigishimasureba)if you bow (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | おじぎしたら (ojigishitara)if you bow |
| Polite conditional, tara | おじぎしましたら (ojigishimashitara)if you bow |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | おじぎできる (ojigidekiru)can bow |
| Polite potential | おじぎできます (ojigidekimasu)can bow |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | おじぎしよう (ojigishiyou)let's bow! |
| Polite volitional | おじぎしましょう (ojigishimashou)let's bow! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | おじぎしたい (ojigishitai)want to bow |
| Polite desire, tai | おじぎしたいです (ojigishitaidesu)want to bow |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | おじぎされる (ojigisareru)be affected when someone bows |
| Polite passive | おじぎされます (ojigisaremasu)be affected when someone bows |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | おじぎさせる (ojigisaseru)make or let someone bow |
| Polite causative | おじぎさせます (ojigisasemasu)make or let someone bow |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | おじぎさせられる (ojigisaserareru)be made to bow |
| Polite causative-passive | おじぎさせられます (ojigisaseraremasu)be made to bow |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | おじぎするな (ojigisuruna)do not bow! |
| Polite negative request | おじぎしないでください (ojigishinaidekudasai)please do not bow |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | おじぎします (ojigishimasu)bow |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | おじぎしません (ojigishimasen)do not bow |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | おじぎしました (ojigishimashita)bowed |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | おじぎしませんでした (ojigishimasendeshita)did not bow |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | おじぎしてください (ojigishitekudasai)please bow |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | おじぎしないでください (ojigishinaidekudasai)please do not bow |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | おじぎしましょう (ojigishimashou)let's bow! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | おじぎしてもいい (ojigishitemoii)may bow |
| Polite permission | おじぎしてもいいです (ojigishitemoiidesu)may bow |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | おじぎしてはいけない (ojigishitehaikenai)must not bow |
| Polite prohibition | おじぎしてはいけません (ojigishitehaikemasen)must not bow |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | おじぎしなさい (ojigishinasai)bow (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | おじぎしてみる (ojigishitemiru)try to bow |
| Polite try doing | おじぎしてみます (ojigishitemimasu)try to bow |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | おじぎしてしまう (ojigishiteshimau)bow completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | おじぎしてしまいます (ojigishiteshimaimasu)bow completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | おじぎしておく (ojigishiteoku)bow in advance |
| Polite preparation | おじぎしておきます (ojigishiteokimasu)bow in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | おじぎしたことがある (ojigishitakotogaaru)have the experience of: bowed |
| Polite past experience | おじぎしたことがあります (ojigishitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: bowed |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | おじぎすると (ojigisuruto)whenever you bow |
| Polite automatic result | おじぎしますと (ojigishimasuto)whenever you bow |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | おじぎするなら (ojigisurunara)if you mean to bow |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | おじぎするだろう (ojigisurudarou)probably bow |
| Polite probability | おじぎするでしょう (ojigisurudeshou)probably bow |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | おじぎしろ (ojigishiro)bow! |
| Polite request | おじぎしてください (ojigishitekudasai)please bow |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.