Japanese reference
教える
おしえる
to teach
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | おしえる (oshieru)teach |
| Polite, masu | おしえます (oshiemasu)teach |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | おしえない (oshienai)do not teach |
| Polite negative | おしえません (oshiemasen)do not teach |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | おしえた (oshieta)taught |
| Polite past | おしえました (oshiemashita)taught |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | おしえなかった (oshienakatta)did not teach |
| Polite past negative | おしえませんでした (oshiemasendeshita)did not teach |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | おしえて (oshiete)teaching (and then) |
| Polite te-form | おしえまして (oshiemashite)teaching (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | おしえている (oshieteiru)be teaching |
| Polite te-iru | おしえています (oshieteimasu)be teaching |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | おしえれば (oshiereba)if you teach |
| Rare literary polite conditional | おしえますれば (oshiemasureba)if you teach (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | おしえたら (oshietara)if you teach |
| Polite conditional, tara | おしえましたら (oshiemashitara)if you teach |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | おしえられる (oshierareru)can teach |
| Polite potential | おしえられます (oshieraremasu)can teach |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | おしえよう (oshieyou)let's teach! |
| Polite volitional | おしえましょう (oshiemashou)let's teach! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | おしえたい (oshietai)want to teach |
| Polite desire, tai | おしえたいです (oshietaidesu)want to teach |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | おしえられる (oshierareru)be taught |
| Polite passive | おしえられます (oshieraremasu)be taught |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | おしえさせる (oshiesaseru)make or let someone teach |
| Polite causative | おしえさせます (oshiesasemasu)make or let someone teach |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | おしえさせられる (oshiesaserareru)be made to teach |
| Polite causative-passive | おしえさせられます (oshiesaseraremasu)be made to teach |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | おしえるな (oshieruna)do not teach! |
| Polite negative request | おしえないでください (oshienaidekudasai)please do not teach |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | おしえます (oshiemasu)teach |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | おしえません (oshiemasen)do not teach |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | おしえました (oshiemashita)taught |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | おしえませんでした (oshiemasendeshita)did not teach |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | おしえてください (oshietekudasai)please teach |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | おしえないでください (oshienaidekudasai)please do not teach |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | おしえましょう (oshiemashou)let's teach! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | おしえてもいい (oshietemoii)may teach |
| Polite permission | おしえてもいいです (oshietemoiidesu)may teach |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | おしえてはいけない (oshietehaikenai)must not teach |
| Polite prohibition | おしえてはいけません (oshietehaikemasen)must not teach |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | おしえなさい (oshienasai)teach (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | おしえてみる (oshietemiru)try to teach |
| Polite try doing | おしえてみます (oshietemimasu)try to teach |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | おしえてしまう (oshieteshimau)teach completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | おしえてしまいます (oshieteshimaimasu)teach completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | おしえておく (oshieteoku)teach in advance |
| Polite preparation | おしえておきます (oshieteokimasu)teach in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | おしえたことがある (oshietakotogaaru)have the experience of: taught |
| Polite past experience | おしえたことがあります (oshietakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: taught |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | おしえると (oshieruto)whenever you teach |
| Polite automatic result | おしえますと (oshiemasuto)whenever you teach |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | おしえるなら (oshierunara)if you mean to teach |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | おしえるだろう (oshierudarou)probably teach |
| Polite probability | おしえるでしょう (oshierudeshou)probably teach |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | おしえろ (oshiero)teach! |
| Polite request | おしえてください (oshietekudasai)please teach |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.