Japanese reference
押す
おす
to push, press
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
Audio requires a compatible voice in your browser.
Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | おす (osu)push |
| Polite, masu | おします (oshimasu)push |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | おさない (osanai)do not push |
| Polite negative | おしません (oshimasen)do not push |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | おした (oshita)pushed |
| Polite past | おしました (oshimashita)pushed |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | おさなかった (osanakatta)did not push |
| Polite past negative | おしませんでした (oshimasendeshita)did not push |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | おして (oshite)pushing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | おしまして (oshimashite)pushing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | おしている (oshiteiru)be pushing |
| Polite te-iru | おしています (oshiteimasu)be pushing |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | おせば (oseba)if you push |
| Rare literary polite conditional | おしますれば (oshimasureba)if you push (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | おしたら (oshitara)if you push |
| Polite conditional, tara | おしましたら (oshimashitara)if you push |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | おせる (oseru)can push |
| Polite potential | おせます (osemasu)can push |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | おそう (osou)let's push! |
| Polite volitional | おしましょう (oshimashou)let's push! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | おしたい (oshitai)want to push |
| Polite desire, tai | おしたいです (oshitaidesu)want to push |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | おされる (osareru)be pushed |
| Polite passive | おされます (osaremasu)be pushed |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | おさせる (osaseru)make or let someone push |
| Polite causative | おさせます (osasemasu)make or let someone push |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | おさせられる (osaserareru)be made to push |
| Polite causative-passive | おさせられます (osaseraremasu)be made to push |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | おすな (osuna)do not push! |
| Polite negative request | おさないでください (osanaidekudasai)please do not push |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | おします (oshimasu)push |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | おしません (oshimasen)do not push |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | おしました (oshimashita)pushed |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | おしませんでした (oshimasendeshita)did not push |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | おしてください (oshitekudasai)please push |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | おさないでください (osanaidekudasai)please do not push |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | おしましょう (oshimashou)let's push! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | おしてもいい (oshitemoii)may push |
| Polite permission | おしてもいいです (oshitemoiidesu)may push |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | おしてはいけない (oshitehaikenai)must not push |
| Polite prohibition | おしてはいけません (oshitehaikemasen)must not push |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | おしなさい (oshinasai)push (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | おしてみる (oshitemiru)try to push |
| Polite try doing | おしてみます (oshitemimasu)try to push |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | おしてしまう (oshiteshimau)push completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | おしてしまいます (oshiteshimaimasu)push completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | おしておく (oshiteoku)push in advance |
| Polite preparation | おしておきます (oshiteokimasu)push in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | おしたことがある (oshitakotogaaru)have the experience of: pushed |
| Polite past experience | おしたことがあります (oshitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: pushed |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | おすと (osuto)whenever you push |
| Polite automatic result | おしますと (oshimasuto)whenever you push |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | おすなら (osunara)if you mean to push |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | おすだろう (osudarou)probably push |
| Polite probability | おすでしょう (osudeshou)probably push |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | おせ (ose)push! |
| Polite request | おしてください (oshitekudasai)please push |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.