Japanese reference
与える
あたえる
to give; to cause
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | あたえる (ataeru)give |
| Polite, masu | あたえます (ataemasu)give |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | あたえない (ataenai)do not give |
| Polite negative | あたえません (ataemasen)do not give |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | あたえた (ataeta)gave |
| Polite past | あたえました (ataemashita)gave |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | あたえなかった (ataenakatta)did not give |
| Polite past negative | あたえませんでした (ataemasendeshita)did not give |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | あたえて (ataete)giving (and then) |
| Polite te-form | あたえまして (ataemashite)giving (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | あたえている (ataeteiru)be giving |
| Polite te-iru | あたえています (ataeteimasu)be giving |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | あたえれば (ataereba)if you give |
| Rare literary polite conditional | あたえますれば (ataemasureba)if you give (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | あたえたら (ataetara)if you give |
| Polite conditional, tara | あたえましたら (ataemashitara)if you give |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | あたえられる (ataerareru)can give |
| Polite potential | あたえられます (ataeraremasu)can give |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | あたえよう (ataeyou)let's give! |
| Polite volitional | あたえましょう (ataemashou)let's give! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | あたえたい (ataetai)want to give |
| Polite desire, tai | あたえたいです (ataetaidesu)want to give |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | あたえられる (ataerareru)be given |
| Polite passive | あたえられます (ataeraremasu)be given |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | あたえさせる (ataesaseru)make or let someone give |
| Polite causative | あたえさせます (ataesasemasu)make or let someone give |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | あたえさせられる (ataesaserareru)be made to give |
| Polite causative-passive | あたえさせられます (ataesaseraremasu)be made to give |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | あたえるな (ataeruna)do not give! |
| Polite negative request | あたえないでください (ataenaidekudasai)please do not give |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | あたえます (ataemasu)give |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | あたえません (ataemasen)do not give |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | あたえました (ataemashita)gave |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | あたえませんでした (ataemasendeshita)did not give |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | あたえてください (ataetekudasai)please give |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | あたえないでください (ataenaidekudasai)please do not give |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | あたえましょう (ataemashou)let's give! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | あたえてもいい (ataetemoii)may give |
| Polite permission | あたえてもいいです (ataetemoiidesu)may give |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | あたえてはいけない (ataetehaikenai)must not give |
| Polite prohibition | あたえてはいけません (ataetehaikemasen)must not give |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | あたえなさい (ataenasai)give (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | あたえてみる (ataetemiru)try to give |
| Polite try doing | あたえてみます (ataetemimasu)try to give |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | あたえてしまう (ataeteshimau)give completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | あたえてしまいます (ataeteshimaimasu)give completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | あたえておく (ataeteoku)give in advance |
| Polite preparation | あたえておきます (ataeteokimasu)give in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | あたえたことがある (ataetakotogaaru)have the experience of: gave |
| Polite past experience | あたえたことがあります (ataetakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: gave |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | あたえると (ataeruto)whenever you give |
| Polite automatic result | あたえますと (ataemasuto)whenever you give |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | あたえるなら (ataerunara)if you mean to give |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | あたえるだろう (ataerudarou)probably give |
| Polite probability | あたえるでしょう (ataerudeshou)probably give |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | あたえろ (ataero)give! |
| Polite request | あたえてください (ataetekudasai)please give |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.