Japanese reference
恐れる
おそれる
to fear
Regular · 31 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | おそれる (osoreru)fear |
| Polite, masu | おそれます (osoremasu)fear |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | おそれない (osorenai)do not fear |
| Polite negative | おそれません (osoremasen)do not fear |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | おそれた (osoreta)feared |
| Polite past | おそれました (osoremashita)feared |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | おそれなかった (osorenakatta)did not fear |
| Polite past negative | おそれませんでした (osoremasendeshita)did not fear |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | おそれて (osorete)fearing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | おそれまして (osoremashite)fearing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | おそれている (osoreteiru)fear |
| Polite te-iru | おそれています (osoreteimasu)fear |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | おそれれば (osorereba)if you fear |
| Rare literary polite conditional | おそれますれば (osoremasureba)if you fear (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | おそれたら (osoretara)if you fear |
| Polite conditional, tara | おそれましたら (osoremashitara)if you fear |
Mood
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | おそれよう (osoreyou)let's fear! |
| Polite volitional | おそれましょう (osoremashou)let's fear! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | おそれたい (osoretai)want to fear |
| Polite desire, tai | おそれたいです (osoretaidesu)want to fear |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | おそれられる (osorerareru)be feared |
| Polite passive | おそれられます (osoreraremasu)be feared |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | おそれさせる (osoresaseru)make or let someone fear |
| Polite causative | おそれさせます (osoresasemasu)make or let someone fear |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | おそれさせられる (osoresaserareru)be made to fear |
| Polite causative-passive | おそれさせられます (osoresaseraremasu)be made to fear |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | おそれるな (osoreruna)do not fear! |
| Polite negative request | おそれないでください (osorenaidekudasai)please do not fear |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | おそれます (osoremasu)fear |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | おそれません (osoremasen)do not fear |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | おそれました (osoremashita)feared |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | おそれませんでした (osoremasendeshita)did not fear |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | おそれてください (osoretekudasai)please fear |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | おそれないでください (osorenaidekudasai)please do not fear |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | おそれましょう (osoremashou)let's fear! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | おそれてもいい (osoretemoii)may fear |
| Polite permission | おそれてもいいです (osoretemoiidesu)may fear |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | おそれてはいけない (osoretehaikenai)must not fear |
| Polite prohibition | おそれてはいけません (osoretehaikemasen)must not fear |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | おそれなさい (osorenasai)fear (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | おそれてみる (osoretemiru)try to fear |
| Polite try doing | おそれてみます (osoretemimasu)try to fear |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | おそれてしまう (osoreteshimau)fear completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | おそれてしまいます (osoreteshimaimasu)fear completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | おそれておく (osoreteoku)fear in advance |
| Polite preparation | おそれておきます (osoreteokimasu)fear in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | おそれたことがある (osoretakotogaaru)have the experience of: feared |
| Polite past experience | おそれたことがあります (osoretakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: feared |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | おそれると (osoreruto)whenever you fear |
| Polite automatic result | おそれますと (osoremasuto)whenever you fear |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | おそれるなら (osorerunara)if you mean to fear |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | おそれるだろう (osorerudarou)probably fear |
| Polite probability | おそれるでしょう (osorerudeshou)probably fear |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | おそれろ (osorero)fear! |
| Polite request | おそれてください (osoretekudasai)please fear |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.