Japanese reference
襲う
おそう
to attack; to strike
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | おそう (osou)attack |
| Polite, masu | おそいます (osoimasu)attack |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | おそわない (osowanai)do not attack |
| Polite negative | おそいません (osoimasen)do not attack |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | おそった (osotta)attacked |
| Polite past | おそいました (osoimashita)attacked |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | おそわなかった (osowanakatta)did not attack |
| Polite past negative | おそいませんでした (osoimasendeshita)did not attack |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | おそって (osotte)attacking (and then) |
| Polite te-form | おそいまして (osoimashite)attacking (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | おそっている (osotteiru)be attacking |
| Polite te-iru | おそっています (osotteimasu)be attacking |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | おそえば (osoeba)if you attack |
| Rare literary polite conditional | おそいますれば (osoimasureba)if you attack (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | おそったら (osottara)if you attack |
| Polite conditional, tara | おそいましたら (osoimashitara)if you attack |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | おそえる (osoeru)can attack |
| Polite potential | おそえます (osoemasu)can attack |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | おそおう (osoou)let's attack! |
| Polite volitional | おそいましょう (osoimashou)let's attack! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | おそいたい (osoitai)want to attack |
| Polite desire, tai | おそいたいです (osoitaidesu)want to attack |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | おそわれる (osowareru)be affected when someone attacks |
| Polite passive | おそわれます (osowaremasu)be affected when someone attacks |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | おそわせる (osowaseru)make or let someone attack |
| Polite causative | おそわせます (osowasemasu)make or let someone attack |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | おそわせられる (osowaserareru)be made to attack |
| Polite causative-passive | おそわせられます (osowaseraremasu)be made to attack |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | おそうな (osouna)do not attack! |
| Polite negative request | おそわないでください (osowanaidekudasai)please do not attack |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | おそいます (osoimasu)attack |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | おそいません (osoimasen)do not attack |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | おそいました (osoimashita)attacked |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | おそいませんでした (osoimasendeshita)did not attack |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | おそってください (osottekudasai)please attack |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | おそわないでください (osowanaidekudasai)please do not attack |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | おそいましょう (osoimashou)let's attack! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | おそってもいい (osottemoii)may attack |
| Polite permission | おそってもいいです (osottemoiidesu)may attack |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | おそってはいけない (osottehaikenai)must not attack |
| Polite prohibition | おそってはいけません (osottehaikemasen)must not attack |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | おそいなさい (osoinasai)attack (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | おそってみる (osottemiru)try to attack |
| Polite try doing | おそってみます (osottemimasu)try to attack |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | おそってしまう (osotteshimau)attack completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | おそってしまいます (osotteshimaimasu)attack completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | おそっておく (osotteoku)attack in advance |
| Polite preparation | おそっておきます (osotteokimasu)attack in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | おそったことがある (osottakotogaaru)have the experience of: attacked |
| Polite past experience | おそったことがあります (osottakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: attacked |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | おそうと (osouto)whenever you attack |
| Polite automatic result | おそいますと (osoimasuto)whenever you attack |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | おそうなら (osounara)if you mean to attack |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | おそうだろう (osoudarou)probably attack |
| Polite probability | おそうでしょう (osoudeshou)probably attack |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | おそえ (osoe)attack! |
| Polite request | おそってください (osottekudasai)please attack |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.