Japanese reference
殺す
ころす
to kill
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | ころす (korosu)kill |
| Polite, masu | ころします (koroshimasu)kill |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | ころさない (korosanai)do not kill |
| Polite negative | ころしません (koroshimasen)do not kill |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | ころした (koroshita)killed |
| Polite past | ころしました (koroshimashita)killed |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | ころさなかった (korosanakatta)did not kill |
| Polite past negative | ころしませんでした (koroshimasendeshita)did not kill |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | ころして (koroshite)killing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | ころしまして (koroshimashite)killing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | ころしている (koroshiteiru)be killing |
| Polite te-iru | ころしています (koroshiteimasu)be killing |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | ころせば (koroseba)if you kill |
| Rare literary polite conditional | ころしますれば (koroshimasureba)if you kill (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | ころしたら (koroshitara)if you kill |
| Polite conditional, tara | ころしましたら (koroshimashitara)if you kill |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | ころせる (koroseru)can kill |
| Polite potential | ころせます (korosemasu)can kill |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | ころそう (korosou)let's kill! |
| Polite volitional | ころしましょう (koroshimashou)let's kill! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | ころしたい (koroshitai)want to kill |
| Polite desire, tai | ころしたいです (koroshitaidesu)want to kill |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | ころされる (korosareru)be affected when someone kills |
| Polite passive | ころされます (korosaremasu)be affected when someone kills |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | ころさせる (korosaseru)make or let someone kill |
| Polite causative | ころさせます (korosasemasu)make or let someone kill |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | ころさせられる (korosaserareru)be made to kill |
| Polite causative-passive | ころさせられます (korosaseraremasu)be made to kill |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | ころすな (korosuna)do not kill! |
| Polite negative request | ころさないでください (korosanaidekudasai)please do not kill |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | ころします (koroshimasu)kill |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | ころしません (koroshimasen)do not kill |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | ころしました (koroshimashita)killed |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | ころしませんでした (koroshimasendeshita)did not kill |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | ころしてください (koroshitekudasai)please kill |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | ころさないでください (korosanaidekudasai)please do not kill |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | ころしましょう (koroshimashou)let's kill! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | ころしてもいい (koroshitemoii)may kill |
| Polite permission | ころしてもいいです (koroshitemoiidesu)may kill |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | ころしてはいけない (koroshitehaikenai)must not kill |
| Polite prohibition | ころしてはいけません (koroshitehaikemasen)must not kill |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | ころしなさい (koroshinasai)kill (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | ころしてみる (koroshitemiru)try to kill |
| Polite try doing | ころしてみます (koroshitemimasu)try to kill |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | ころしてしまう (koroshiteshimau)kill completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | ころしてしまいます (koroshiteshimaimasu)kill completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | ころしておく (koroshiteoku)kill in advance |
| Polite preparation | ころしておきます (koroshiteokimasu)kill in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | ころしたことがある (koroshitakotogaaru)have the experience of: killed |
| Polite past experience | ころしたことがあります (koroshitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: killed |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | ころすと (korosuto)whenever you kill |
| Polite automatic result | ころしますと (koroshimasuto)whenever you kill |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | ころすなら (korosunara)if you mean to kill |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | ころすだろう (korosudarou)probably kill |
| Polite probability | ころすでしょう (korosudeshou)probably kill |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | ころせ (korose)kill! |
| Polite request | ころしてください (koroshitekudasai)please kill |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.