Korean reference
친절하다
chinjeolhada
to be kind
Adjective · Irregular · 18 form tables
Includes verbs and adjectives. Rows show speech levels and constructions, rather than personal pronouns. Honorific forms refer to a respected subject.
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Tense
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | chinjeolhaeyoam/is/are kind |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | chinjeolhamnidaam/is/are kind |
| 해체, casual level | chinjeolhaeam/is/are kind |
| 한다체, plain written level | chinjeolhadaam/is/are kind |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | chinjeolhaesseoyowas/were kind |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | chinjeolhaetseumnidawas/were kind |
| 해체, casual level | chinjeolhaesseowas/were kind |
| 한다체, plain written level | chinjeolhaetdawas/were kind |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | chinjeolhal geoyeyowill be kind |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | chinjeolhal geomnidawill be kind |
| 해체, casual level | chinjeolhal geoyawill be kind |
| 한다체, plain written level | chinjeolhal geosidawill be kind |
Intention / conjecture
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | chinjeolhagesseoyowill probably be kind |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | chinjeolhagetseumnidawill probably be kind |
| 해체, casual level | chinjeolhagesseowill probably be kind |
| 한다체, plain written level | chinjeolhagetdawill probably be kind |
Negative
Short negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | an chinjeolhaeyonot be kind |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | an chinjeolhamnidanot be kind |
| 해체, casual level | an chinjeolhaenot be kind |
| 한다체, plain written level | an chinjeolhadanot be kind |
Long negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | chinjeolhaji anayonot be kind |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | chinjeolhaji anseumnidanot be kind |
| 해체, casual level | chinjeolhaji ananot be kind |
| 한다체, plain written level | chinjeolhaji antanot be kind |
Endings
Honorific
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | chinjeolhaseyohe/she is kind (honorific) |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | chinjeolhasimnidahe/she is kind (honorific) |
| 해체, casual level | chinjeolhasyeohe/she is kind (honorific) |
| 한다체, plain written level | chinjeolhasidahe/she is kind (honorific) |
Question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | chinjeolhaeyo?are you kind? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | chinjeolhamnikka?are you kind? |
| 해체, casual level | chinjeolhae?are you kind? |
| 한다체, plain written level | chinjeolhani?are you kind? |
Past question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | chinjeolhaesseoyo?were you kind? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | chinjeolhaetseumnikka?were you kind? |
| 해체, casual level | chinjeolhaesseo?were you kind? |
| 한다체, plain written level | chinjeolhaenni?were you kind? |
Linking
And
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | chinjeolhagoI am kind, and |
And so / because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | chinjeolhaeseobecause I am kind |
If
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | chinjeolhamyeonif you are kind |
But
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | chinjeolhajimanI am kind, but |
Because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | chinjeolhanikkabecause I am kind |
Background
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | chinjeolhandeI am kind (background) |
Modifier
Present noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | chinjeolhanbe kind (before a noun) |
Past noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | chinjeolhaetdeonwas kind (before a noun) |
Future noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | chinjeolhalwill be kind (before a noun) |
Additional forms
Additional honorific forms
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Saying it happened (았/었) | chinjeolhasyeosseoyohe/she was/were kind (honorific) |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Korean entries.